Many view plough as a derivative of the verb * plehan ~ * plegan 'to take responsibility' (cf. The word must have originally referred to the wheeled heavy plough, common in Roman north-western Europe by the 5th century AD. 18, 172), and in Latin plaustrum "farm cart", plōstrum, plōstellum "cart", and plōxenum, plōximum "cart box". Words with the same root appeared with related meanings: in Raetic plaumorati "wheeled heavy plough" ( Pliny, Nat. In many Slavic languages and in Romanian the word is "plug". The German cognate is "Pflug", the Dutch "ploeg" and the Swedish "plog". The modern word comes from the Old Norse plógr, and is therefore Germanic, but it appears relatively late (it is not attested in Gothic), and is thought to be a loan from one of the north Italic languages. Old English sulh (modern dialectal sullow), Old High German medela, geiza, huohilī(n), Old Norse arðr ( Swedish årder), and Gothic hōha, all presumably referring to the ard (scratch plough). In older English, as in other Germanic languages, the plough was traditionally known by other names, e.g.
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